Application of the Findrisc Scale to assess the Individual Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the northwest of Quito-Ecuador
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: to identify the individual risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through the application of the Findrisc Scale in the users who attended the outpatient clinic in the Pomasqui health center in the northwest of the Metropolitan District of Quito-Ecuador from July 2018 to August 2018
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by applying the Findrisc scale in the users who attend the outpatient clinic in the Pomasqui health center. Correlate the effectiveness of screening and its relationship with morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Determine demographic factors related to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in the urban area of the northwest of Quito-Ecuador.
METHODS: a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the population of Pomasqui in the northwestern region of Quito, who attended the outpatient clinic in the Pomasqui health center. Primary information source. We studied 155 people who attended the outpatient clinic of the Pomasqui health center in the northwest of the Metropolitan District of Quito from July 20187 to August 2018. We identified the individual risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus by applying the Findrisc scale . The analysis was carried out with the EPI INFO 7 program, to obtain a univariate and bivariate analysis, percentages of the quantitative variables were obtained and the search for a relationship was made using the Fisher exact test.
RESULTS: the sample size was 155 patients without diagnosis of DM2, of which we found 60% (n = 93) of females; with an average of 34 years of age.
From the demographic data we find that 100% (n = 155) of the studied population has more than 6 years of schooling. When quantifying the Body Mass Index, it was identified that women had a BMI greater than 30 in 9% (n = 8), in relation to 0% (n = 0) of men. When analyzing the behavior of at least 30 minutes of physical activity, it was identified that 73% (n = 113) do NOT perform daily physical activity, which is aligned with other studies conducted in urban areas where there is a sedentary lifestyle. 40% (n = 62) had a score lower than 7 points on the Findrisc scale, with an individual risk of 1% of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a low risk level. It was also shown that 3% (n = 5) of respondents presented a score between 15 and 20 points with a risk of 33% of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a high risk level. Of all our population, 1% (n = 2) presented a score higher than 50 points of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a very high level of risk, according to prevalence worldwide in the urban area.
CONCLUSION: the variables studied using the Findrisc Scale in the rural area of northwestern Quito are statistically significant in our study as well as in other studies, however we observed an expected trend according to other studies carried out in the urban area of increase in the score lower than 7 points on the Findrisc scale for an individual risk of 1% of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a low level of risk that may be due to the degree of sedentary lifestyle in the urban population.
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