Anthropometric profile of the newborn of indigenous and mestizo mothers, born in the Basic Hospital of Saraguro, 2016

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The newborn´s antropometry is a key measure to estimate a lot of indicators  such as: malnutrition, frecuency prenatal controls, feeding during pregnancy, etc; this factors are little known in the indigena population, like low socioeconomic level,  traditions, and  sanitary coverage unenough that exist in this populational group  can affect in the normal values of newborn´s  antropometry (20-23).

OBJECTIVE: Compare  profiles the newborn´s antropometrics  between  indígenas mothers and mestizas mothers in the Saraguro basic Hospital, 2016.

METHODOLOGY:
The descriptive analytical retrospective study, has been made though of 151 clinical files of normal pregnancies and the low risk, in the Saraguro basic hospital, from January to October. The data was imputting in a questionnaire structured by the authors, it was being tabulated in the statistical program SPSSv. 20.01, and it was analysed  with descriptive and analytic statistics.

RESULTS: Of the 151 newborns, 52.9% are female sex, with average pregnacy age of 39,2 weeks ± 1.2, average weight is 3226,3 3 ± 395 gr. Size: 49 ± 3 cm, cephalic perimeter of 34,2  ± 2 and thoracic perimeter of  34 ± 1, The newborns of indigenous mothers had an average weight of 3154 g, size 49.1 cm, head circumference of 33 cm and thoracic perimeter of 34 cm. And the children of mestizo mothers have an average weight of 3288.5 gr, size 48.9 cm, cephalic perimeter 33.9 cm; Weight (p: 0.037) and cephalic perimeter (p: 0.015) were lower in the group of indigenous mothers.

CONCLUSION: In the Saraguro Basic Hospital for the year 2016, the neonato´s anthropometric profile of indigenous mothers is: weight 3154 g, size 49.1 cm, head circumference 33.9 cm and thoracic perimeter 34.04 cm. The anthropometric profile of newborns of mestizo mothers is: weight 3288.5 g, size 48.9 cm, cephalic perimeter 34.7 cm and chest circumference 34.01 cm; Both the weight and the head circumference are lower in children of indigenous mothers.