Medicina Basada en la Evidencia. Lectura Crítica de “Guías de Práctica Clínica”
Palabras clave:
Guías de Práctica Clínica, Lectura Crítica, AGREE
Resumen
Las guías de práctica clínica (GPC) son documentos que incluyen recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia científica para la toma de decisiones clínicas; al mismo tiempo, pueden desempeñar un papel importante en la elaboración de políticas de salud. Por lo tanto, es crucial que se evalúe críticamente su calidad y aplicabilidad en diversos contextos, para lo cual se ha desarrollado la herramienta AGREE II. Este artículo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer el desarrollo, la aplicación y la evaluación de la calidad de las guías de práctica clínica, de manera que se pueda realizar una lectura crítica de las mismas.
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1. Brietzke SE. Individualized clinical practice guidelines: the next step in the evidence-based health care evolution? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;150(3):342–5.
2. Field M, Lohr K. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Directions for a New Program. [Internet]. Washigton; 1990. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/ 1626/clinicalpractice-guidelines-directions-for-a-new-program
3. Barham P, Begg E, Foote S. Guidelines for guidelines: principles to guide the evaluation of clinical practice guidelines. Dis Manag Heal Outcomes. 1997;4:197–209.
4. Graham I. Evaluation and adaptation of clinical practice guidelines. Evid Based Nurs. 2005;8(3):68–72.
5. VanWagner LB, Holl JL, Montag S, Gregory D, Connolly S, Kosirog M, et al. Blood Pressure Control According to Clinical Practice Guidelines is Associated with Decreased Mortality and Cardiovascular Events among Liver Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplantation. 2019;
6. Arabi YM, Haddad S, Tamim HM, Al-Dawood A, Al-Qahtani S, Ferayan A, et al. Mortality reduction after implementing a clinical practice guidelines–based management protocol for severe traumatic brain injury. J Crit Care. 2010;25(2):190–5.
7. Vukić M, Negovetić L, Kovač D, Ghajar J, Glavić Z, Gopčević A. The Effect of Implementation of Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury on Patient Treatment and Outcome. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1999;141(11):1203–8.
8. Serón P, Lanas F, Ríos E, Bonfill X, Alonso-Coello P. Evaluation of the quality of clinical guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2015;35:1–12.
9. Miller M, Kearney N. Guidelines for clinical practice: Development, dissemination and implementation. Int J Nurs Stud. 2004;41(7):813–21.
10. Woolf S, Grol R, Hutchinson A, Eccles M, Grimshaw J. Clinical guidelines: potential benefits, limitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318(7182):527–30.
11. Kosimbei G, Hanson K, English M. Do clinical guidelines reduce clinician dependent costs? Heal Res Policy Syst. 2011;9(24).
12. Vernooij RWM, Sanabria AJ, Solà I, Alonso-Coello P, Martínez García L. Guidance for updating clinical practice guidelines: A systematic review of methodological handbooks. Implement Sci. 2014;9(1):1–9.
13. Barth JH, Misra S, Aakre KM, Langlois MR, Watine J, Twomey PJ, et al. Why are clinical practice guidelines not followed?: The European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine and European Union of Medical Specialists joint working group on Guidelines. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2016;54(7):1133–9.
14. Gagliardi AR, Brouwers MC. Do guidelines offer implementation advice to target users? A systematic review of guideline applicability. BMJ Open. 2015;
15. Geldof M, Teije A ten, Harmelen F van, Marcos M, Votruba P. Informal and Formal Medical Guidelines: Bridging the Gap. In: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. 2003. p. 173–8.
16. Berg A, Atkins D, Tierney W. Clinical practice guidelines in practice and education. J Gen Intern Med. 1997;12(2):25–33.
17. Manterola C, Otzen T, García N. Guías de práctica clínica basadas en la evidencia. 2019;71(5):468–75.
18. Woolf S, Grol R, Hutchinson A, Eccles M, Grimshaw J. Clinical guidelines: potential benefits, limitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318(7182):527–30.
19. Chassin M, Brook R, Park R. Variations in the use of medical and surgical services by the Medicare population. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:285–90.
20. Lewis C. Variations in the incidence of surgery. N Engl J Med. 1969;281:880–4.
21. Roos N. Hysterectomy: variations in raters across small areas and across physicians’ practices. Am J Pub- lic Heal. 1984;74:327–35.
22. Stockwell H, Vayada E. Variations in surgery in On- tario. Med Care. 1979;17:390–6.
23. Wennberg J, Gittelsohn A. Small-area variations in health care delivery. Science. 1973;182:1102–8.
24. Alonso-Coello P, Irfan A, Solà I, Gich I, Delgado-Noguera M, Rigau D, et al. The quality of clinical practice guidelines over the last two decades: A systematic review of guideline appraisal studies. Qual Saf Heal Care. 2010;19(6).
25. Fontanesi J, Messonnier M, Hill L, Shefer A. A New Model of Adoption of Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Public Heal Manag Pract. 2007;13(6):605–11.
26. Dizon, Janine Margarita Machingaidze S, Grimmer K. To adopt, to adapt, or to contextualise? The big question in clinical practice guideline development. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9(442).
27. Woolf S, Schünemann HJ, Eccles MP, Grimshaw JM, Shekelle P. Developing clinical practice guidelines: types of evidence and outcomes; values and economics, synthesis, grading, and presentation and deriving recommendations. Implement Sci. 2012;7(61).
28. Rosenfeld, Richard M. Shiffman RN, Rosenfeld R, Shiffman R. Clinical practice guideline development manual: A quality-driven approach for translating evidence into action. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;140(6):1–43.
29. NHMRC. A guide to the development, implementation and evaluation of clinical practice guidelines. 1999.
30. NZGG. Handbook for the Preparation of Explicit EvidenceBased Clinical Practice Guidelines. 2001.
31. NICE. The Guideline Manual. 2007.
32. Peterson P., Rumsfeld J. Annals of Internal Medicine Editorial The Evolving Story of Guidelines and Health Care : Does Being. 2014;(10):269–72.
33. Cluzeau F, Burgers J, Brouwers M, Grol R, Mäkelä M, Littlejohns P, et al. Development and validation of an international appraisal instrument for assessing the quality of clinical practice guidelines: The AGREE project. Qual Saf Heal Care. 2003;12(1):18–23.
34. AGREE Next Steps Consortium. El Instrumento AGREE II. [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: www.agreetrust.org.
35. Sanclemente G, Acosta J., Tamayo M., Bonfill X, Alonso-Coello P. Clinical practice guidelines for treatment of acne vulgaris: a critical appraisal using the AGREE II instrument. Arch Dermatol Res. 2014;306(3):269–77.
36. Sabharwal S, Patel V, Nijjer S., Kirresh A, Darzi A, Chambers J., et al. Guidelines in cardiac clinical practice: evaluation of their methodological quality using the AGREE II instrument. J R Soc Med. 2013;106(8):315–22.
37. Sabharwal S, Patel N., Gauher S, Holloway I, Athansiou T. High methodologic quality but poor applicability: assessment of the AAOS guidelines using the AGREE II instrument. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014;472(6):1982–8.
38. Shallwani S., King J, Thomas R, Thevenot O, De Angelis G, Ala’S A, et al. Methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines with physical activity recommendations for people diagnosed with cancer: A systematic critical appraisal using the AGREE II tool. PLoS One. 2019;14(4).
39. Polus S, Lerberg P, Vogel J, Watananirun K, Souza J., Mathai M, et al. Appraisal of WHO guidelines in maternal health using the AGREE II assessment tool. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):38891.
40. Gao Y, Wang J, Luo X, Song X, Liu L, Ke L, et al. Quality appraisal of clinical practice guidelines for diabetes mellitus published in China between 2007 and 2017 using the AGREE II instrument. BMJ Open. 2019;9(9).
41. Castellani A, Girlanda F, Barbui C. Rigour of development of clinical practice guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder: systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2015;174:45–50.
42. Chiappini E, Bortone B, Galli L, de Martino M. Guidelines for the symptomatic management of fever in children: systematic review of the literature and quality appraisal with AGREE II. BMJ open, 7(7), p.e015404. BMJ Open. 2017;7(7).
43. Zhang J, Wang Y, Weng H, Wang D, Han F, Huang Q, et al. Management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: quality of clinical practice guidelines and variations in recommendations. BMC Cancer. 2019;19(1):1054.
44. omeo V, Stanzione A, Cocozza S, Ugga L, Cuocolo R, Brunetti A, et al. A critical appraisal of the quality of head and neck cancer imaging guidelines using the AGREE II tool: A EuroAIM initiative. Cancer Med. 2019;8(1):209–15.
45. Madera M, Franco J, Solà I, Bonfill X, Alonso-Coello P. Screening and diagnosis of oral cancer: a critical quality appraisal of clinical guidelines. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(5):2215-2226.
46. Irajpour A, Hashemi M, Taleghani F. The quality of guidelines on the end-of-life care: a systematic quality appraisal using AGREE II instrument. Support Care Cancer. 2019;1–7.
47. Fervers B, Burgers J., Haugh M., Brouwers M, Browman G, Cluzeau F, et al. Predictors of high quality clinical practice guidelines: examples in oncology. Int J Qual Heal Care. 2005;17(2):123–32.
48. Hoffmann-Eßer W, Siering U, Neugebauer E., Brockhaus A., McGauran, N. Eikermann M. Guideline appraisal with AGREE II: online survey of the potential influence of AGREE II items on overall assessment of guideline quality and recommendation for use. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):143.
49. Simancas‐Racines, D Montero‐Oleas, N Vernooij R, Arevalo‐Rodriguez, I Fuentes P, Gich I, Hidalgo R, Martinez‐Zapata, MJ Bonfill X, Alonso‐Coello P. Quality of clinical practice guidelines about red blood cell transfusion. J Evidence‐Based Med. 2018;12(2):113–24.
50. Tyagi N., Dhesy-Thind S. Clinical practice guidelines in breast cancer. Curr Oncol. 2018;25(1):151.
51. Norris SL, Holmer HK, Ogden LA, Burda BU. Conflict of interest in clinical practice guideline development: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2011;6(10).
52. Dyer O. WHO retracts opioid guidelines after accepting that industry had an influence. BMJ. 2020;368(m 105).
53. Choudhry N, Thomas H, Detsky A. Relationships Between Authors of Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Pharmaceutical Industry. JAMA. 2002;287(5):612.
54. NHS England. Managing Conflicts of Interest in the NHS : A Consultation. NHS Guid. 2016;45.
2. Field M, Lohr K. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Directions for a New Program. [Internet]. Washigton; 1990. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/ 1626/clinicalpractice-guidelines-directions-for-a-new-program
3. Barham P, Begg E, Foote S. Guidelines for guidelines: principles to guide the evaluation of clinical practice guidelines. Dis Manag Heal Outcomes. 1997;4:197–209.
4. Graham I. Evaluation and adaptation of clinical practice guidelines. Evid Based Nurs. 2005;8(3):68–72.
5. VanWagner LB, Holl JL, Montag S, Gregory D, Connolly S, Kosirog M, et al. Blood Pressure Control According to Clinical Practice Guidelines is Associated with Decreased Mortality and Cardiovascular Events among Liver Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplantation. 2019;
6. Arabi YM, Haddad S, Tamim HM, Al-Dawood A, Al-Qahtani S, Ferayan A, et al. Mortality reduction after implementing a clinical practice guidelines–based management protocol for severe traumatic brain injury. J Crit Care. 2010;25(2):190–5.
7. Vukić M, Negovetić L, Kovač D, Ghajar J, Glavić Z, Gopčević A. The Effect of Implementation of Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury on Patient Treatment and Outcome. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1999;141(11):1203–8.
8. Serón P, Lanas F, Ríos E, Bonfill X, Alonso-Coello P. Evaluation of the quality of clinical guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2015;35:1–12.
9. Miller M, Kearney N. Guidelines for clinical practice: Development, dissemination and implementation. Int J Nurs Stud. 2004;41(7):813–21.
10. Woolf S, Grol R, Hutchinson A, Eccles M, Grimshaw J. Clinical guidelines: potential benefits, limitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318(7182):527–30.
11. Kosimbei G, Hanson K, English M. Do clinical guidelines reduce clinician dependent costs? Heal Res Policy Syst. 2011;9(24).
12. Vernooij RWM, Sanabria AJ, Solà I, Alonso-Coello P, Martínez García L. Guidance for updating clinical practice guidelines: A systematic review of methodological handbooks. Implement Sci. 2014;9(1):1–9.
13. Barth JH, Misra S, Aakre KM, Langlois MR, Watine J, Twomey PJ, et al. Why are clinical practice guidelines not followed?: The European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine and European Union of Medical Specialists joint working group on Guidelines. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2016;54(7):1133–9.
14. Gagliardi AR, Brouwers MC. Do guidelines offer implementation advice to target users? A systematic review of guideline applicability. BMJ Open. 2015;
15. Geldof M, Teije A ten, Harmelen F van, Marcos M, Votruba P. Informal and Formal Medical Guidelines: Bridging the Gap. In: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. 2003. p. 173–8.
16. Berg A, Atkins D, Tierney W. Clinical practice guidelines in practice and education. J Gen Intern Med. 1997;12(2):25–33.
17. Manterola C, Otzen T, García N. Guías de práctica clínica basadas en la evidencia. 2019;71(5):468–75.
18. Woolf S, Grol R, Hutchinson A, Eccles M, Grimshaw J. Clinical guidelines: potential benefits, limitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318(7182):527–30.
19. Chassin M, Brook R, Park R. Variations in the use of medical and surgical services by the Medicare population. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:285–90.
20. Lewis C. Variations in the incidence of surgery. N Engl J Med. 1969;281:880–4.
21. Roos N. Hysterectomy: variations in raters across small areas and across physicians’ practices. Am J Pub- lic Heal. 1984;74:327–35.
22. Stockwell H, Vayada E. Variations in surgery in On- tario. Med Care. 1979;17:390–6.
23. Wennberg J, Gittelsohn A. Small-area variations in health care delivery. Science. 1973;182:1102–8.
24. Alonso-Coello P, Irfan A, Solà I, Gich I, Delgado-Noguera M, Rigau D, et al. The quality of clinical practice guidelines over the last two decades: A systematic review of guideline appraisal studies. Qual Saf Heal Care. 2010;19(6).
25. Fontanesi J, Messonnier M, Hill L, Shefer A. A New Model of Adoption of Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Public Heal Manag Pract. 2007;13(6):605–11.
26. Dizon, Janine Margarita Machingaidze S, Grimmer K. To adopt, to adapt, or to contextualise? The big question in clinical practice guideline development. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9(442).
27. Woolf S, Schünemann HJ, Eccles MP, Grimshaw JM, Shekelle P. Developing clinical practice guidelines: types of evidence and outcomes; values and economics, synthesis, grading, and presentation and deriving recommendations. Implement Sci. 2012;7(61).
28. Rosenfeld, Richard M. Shiffman RN, Rosenfeld R, Shiffman R. Clinical practice guideline development manual: A quality-driven approach for translating evidence into action. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;140(6):1–43.
29. NHMRC. A guide to the development, implementation and evaluation of clinical practice guidelines. 1999.
30. NZGG. Handbook for the Preparation of Explicit EvidenceBased Clinical Practice Guidelines. 2001.
31. NICE. The Guideline Manual. 2007.
32. Peterson P., Rumsfeld J. Annals of Internal Medicine Editorial The Evolving Story of Guidelines and Health Care : Does Being. 2014;(10):269–72.
33. Cluzeau F, Burgers J, Brouwers M, Grol R, Mäkelä M, Littlejohns P, et al. Development and validation of an international appraisal instrument for assessing the quality of clinical practice guidelines: The AGREE project. Qual Saf Heal Care. 2003;12(1):18–23.
34. AGREE Next Steps Consortium. El Instrumento AGREE II. [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: www.agreetrust.org.
35. Sanclemente G, Acosta J., Tamayo M., Bonfill X, Alonso-Coello P. Clinical practice guidelines for treatment of acne vulgaris: a critical appraisal using the AGREE II instrument. Arch Dermatol Res. 2014;306(3):269–77.
36. Sabharwal S, Patel V, Nijjer S., Kirresh A, Darzi A, Chambers J., et al. Guidelines in cardiac clinical practice: evaluation of their methodological quality using the AGREE II instrument. J R Soc Med. 2013;106(8):315–22.
37. Sabharwal S, Patel N., Gauher S, Holloway I, Athansiou T. High methodologic quality but poor applicability: assessment of the AAOS guidelines using the AGREE II instrument. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014;472(6):1982–8.
38. Shallwani S., King J, Thomas R, Thevenot O, De Angelis G, Ala’S A, et al. Methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines with physical activity recommendations for people diagnosed with cancer: A systematic critical appraisal using the AGREE II tool. PLoS One. 2019;14(4).
39. Polus S, Lerberg P, Vogel J, Watananirun K, Souza J., Mathai M, et al. Appraisal of WHO guidelines in maternal health using the AGREE II assessment tool. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):38891.
40. Gao Y, Wang J, Luo X, Song X, Liu L, Ke L, et al. Quality appraisal of clinical practice guidelines for diabetes mellitus published in China between 2007 and 2017 using the AGREE II instrument. BMJ Open. 2019;9(9).
41. Castellani A, Girlanda F, Barbui C. Rigour of development of clinical practice guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder: systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2015;174:45–50.
42. Chiappini E, Bortone B, Galli L, de Martino M. Guidelines for the symptomatic management of fever in children: systematic review of the literature and quality appraisal with AGREE II. BMJ open, 7(7), p.e015404. BMJ Open. 2017;7(7).
43. Zhang J, Wang Y, Weng H, Wang D, Han F, Huang Q, et al. Management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: quality of clinical practice guidelines and variations in recommendations. BMC Cancer. 2019;19(1):1054.
44. omeo V, Stanzione A, Cocozza S, Ugga L, Cuocolo R, Brunetti A, et al. A critical appraisal of the quality of head and neck cancer imaging guidelines using the AGREE II tool: A EuroAIM initiative. Cancer Med. 2019;8(1):209–15.
45. Madera M, Franco J, Solà I, Bonfill X, Alonso-Coello P. Screening and diagnosis of oral cancer: a critical quality appraisal of clinical guidelines. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(5):2215-2226.
46. Irajpour A, Hashemi M, Taleghani F. The quality of guidelines on the end-of-life care: a systematic quality appraisal using AGREE II instrument. Support Care Cancer. 2019;1–7.
47. Fervers B, Burgers J., Haugh M., Brouwers M, Browman G, Cluzeau F, et al. Predictors of high quality clinical practice guidelines: examples in oncology. Int J Qual Heal Care. 2005;17(2):123–32.
48. Hoffmann-Eßer W, Siering U, Neugebauer E., Brockhaus A., McGauran, N. Eikermann M. Guideline appraisal with AGREE II: online survey of the potential influence of AGREE II items on overall assessment of guideline quality and recommendation for use. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):143.
49. Simancas‐Racines, D Montero‐Oleas, N Vernooij R, Arevalo‐Rodriguez, I Fuentes P, Gich I, Hidalgo R, Martinez‐Zapata, MJ Bonfill X, Alonso‐Coello P. Quality of clinical practice guidelines about red blood cell transfusion. J Evidence‐Based Med. 2018;12(2):113–24.
50. Tyagi N., Dhesy-Thind S. Clinical practice guidelines in breast cancer. Curr Oncol. 2018;25(1):151.
51. Norris SL, Holmer HK, Ogden LA, Burda BU. Conflict of interest in clinical practice guideline development: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2011;6(10).
52. Dyer O. WHO retracts opioid guidelines after accepting that industry had an influence. BMJ. 2020;368(m 105).
53. Choudhry N, Thomas H, Detsky A. Relationships Between Authors of Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Pharmaceutical Industry. JAMA. 2002;287(5):612.
54. NHS England. Managing Conflicts of Interest in the NHS : A Consultation. NHS Guid. 2016;45.
Publicado
2020-03-16
Cómo citar
1.
Simancas-Racines D, Zambrano-Achig P, Montesinos-Guevara C, Guerra-Cevallos V, Zambrano V, Hidalgo Ottolenghi R. Medicina Basada en la Evidencia. Lectura Crítica de “Guías de Práctica Clínica”. PFR [Internet]. 16 de marzo de 2020 [citado 21 de noviembre de 2024];5(1). Disponible en: https://practicafamiliarrural.org/index.php/pfr/article/view/148
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Derechos de autor 2020 Prática Familiar Rural
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