Evaluation of the individual risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus within 10 years by applying the Findrisc scale to users who attend the ambulatory clinic of the Hospital Rural Pedro Vicente Maldonado from October 2017 to December 2017.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: "To identify the individual risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 through the application of the Findrisc Scale in the users who attended the outpatient clinic in the rural hospital Pedro Vicente Maldonado from October 2017 to December 2017"
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus by applying the Findrisc scale in the users who attend the outpatient clinic in the Pedro Vicente Maldonado rural hospital. Correlating the effectiveness of screening and its relationship with morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
To determine demographic factors related to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in the rural area of ​​the northwest of Pichincha-Ecuador.
METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the town of Pedro Vicente Maldonado located in the Northwest of the Province of Pichincha in a Rural Hospital. Primary information source. We studied 258 people who attended the outpatient clinic of the Pedro Vicente Maldonado hospital from October 2017 to December 2017. The individual risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus was identified by applying the Findrisc scale. The analysis was carried out with the EPI INFO 7 program, to obtain a univariate and bivariate analysis, percentages of the quantitative variables were obtained and the search for a relation was made using Fisher's exact test.
RESULTS
The sample size was 258 patients without diagnosis of DM2, of which we found 59% (n = 152) of females; with an average of 49 years of age. From the demographic data we find that 66% (n = 170) of the studied population has more than 6 years of schooling and with a prevalence of 75% (n = 201) of
agricultural activities. When quantifying the Body Mass Index, it was identified that women had a BMI greater than 30 in 11% (n = 17), in relation to 15% (n = 16) of men.Analyzing the behavior of at least 30 minutes of physical activity, it was identified that 62% (n = 160) if they perform daily physical activity, which is in contrast with other studies conducted in urban areas where they do not perform daily physical activity. 43% (n = 113) had a score lower than 7 points on the Findrisc scale, with an individual risk of 1% of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a low risk level.
It was also shown that 7% (n = 17) of respondents presented a score between 15 and 20 points with a risk of 33% of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a high risk level. Less than 1% (n = 2) presented a score higher than 50 points of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a very high level of risk, which is inversely proportional to the worldwide prevalence in the urban area.
CONCLUSION:
The variables studied applying the Scale of Findrisc in the rural area of ​​the northwest of Pichincha are statistically significant in our study as well as in other works carried out in the urban area, however we observe a tendency inversely proportional to other studies that draws our attention to the A score lower than 7 points on the Findrisc scale is presented in the rural area, with an individual risk of 1% of presenting diabetes in the next 10 years with a low level of risk that may be due to the degree of physical activity that the population under study performed daily.